Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
(2018·成都高三摸底测试)The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl，yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy awards.When somebody asks her，“How do you hear？” She responds，“How do you hear？Is it only with your ears？” For Glennie，and for us too，listening is not only hearing，but is understanding.We need to listen to what is said and unsaid，and also how it is said.
It’s important to hear what people say accurately.As Mark Twain said，“The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug(萤火虫)．”If you miss something or you’re not sure you’ve heard accurately，ask the speakers.At this point you’re not evaluating what they say，but just looking for accuracy and understanding.Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and don’t say.Why are they saying this now，instead of sooner or later？Why are they emphasizing these points，instead of something else?
Listen to how it is said.People send signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say.While going through the next points，think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss，and see if any of these signals might come up.First，voices.When others speak，notice changes in their volume，pace，and tone.Second，body language.Notice gestures，eye contact，and facial expressions.Do these sync what they are saying，or do they tell a different story？Third，emotions.What is the person’s true feeling？Now you might not know for sure，but be considerate，open to understanding，and ask thoughtful questions.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了聆听的内涵.我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式.
1．What’s the writer’s purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie? A．To give an example of wise words. B．To introduce a worldfamous musician. C．To help explain the meaning of listening. D．To encourage us to fight against disability.
C 解析：推理判断题.根据第一段中的“For Glennie，and for us too，listening is not only hearing，but is understanding.”可知，对于Glennie和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用耳朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵.所以选项C正确.
2．What can we learn from what Mark Twain said?
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A．It is important to have a good knowledge of English words. B．People should know words can be used in many different ways. C．English is a very complicated language with a large vocabulary. D．The slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding.
D 解析：推理判断题.根据第二段中的“It’s important to hear what people say accurately.”和“At this point you’re not evaluating what they say，but just looking for accuracy and understanding.”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要.因此，选项D “词语的细微差异可能导致误解.”与Mark Twain所说的话意思相吻合.
3．What does the underlined word “sync” probably mean? A．Match. C．Describe.
B．Prove. D．Analyze.
A 解析：词义猜测题.画线词前的修饰词these指代前一句中的“gestures，eye contact，and facial expressions”；再根据画线词后的“what they are saying，or do they tell a different story”可推断，match与画线词意思相近.故选A.
4．Which is the best title of this passage? A．Speak While You Listen C．Read Between Lines
B．Listen Beyond Words D．Think as You Talk
B 解析：标题归纳题.本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意.所以选B.
B
(2018·洛阳高三统考)All over the world mothers and fathers teach their children manners.Other children may have manners that are not like yours.There are all kinds of manners.
Many years ago，children who had good manners were seen and not
heard.They kept quite quiet if grownups were talking. Today, wellmannered children have more freedom.
Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places. Suppose you are a visitor in the land of Mongolia. Some friends ask you to eat with them. What kind of manners do they want you to have? They want you to give a loud “burp(打嗝)” after you finish eating. Burping would show that you like your food. In some countries, if you give a loud burp, you are told to say “Excuse me, please.” In many places people like to eat together. But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating at all. People show good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat. What are manners like in an East African town? The people try not to see you. They are being polite. You may see a friend. He may not see you at all. If you are polite, you will sit down beside him. You will wait until he finishes what he is doing.Then he will
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talk to you.Suppose you visit a friend in Arabia.You should walk behind the other tents until you come to his tent.If you pass in front of the other tents，you will be asked into each one.The people will ask you to eat with them.And it is bad manners if you say no.
Manners are different all over the world.But it is good to know that all manners begin in the same way.People need ways to show that they want to be friends.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了世界上一些地方的礼仪. 5．How did polite children behave in the past? A．By looking into adults’ eyes while talking. B．By keeping silent while adults were talking. C．By slipping into the house without being heard. D．By not opening their mouths until spoken to.
B 解析：细节理解题.根据第二段的第二句“They kept quite quiet if grown-ups were talking.”可知，过去，在大人们说话时，儿童保持沉默是一种礼貌的行为.
6．Which custom should we follow in order to look well-mannered? A．Saying “Excuse me” on burping in Mongolia. B．Inviting guests to dinner together in Polynesia.
C．Talking with a friend before he completes things in East Africa. D．Accepting an eating invitation in Arabia.
D 解析：细节理解题.根据第三段的最后两句“The people will ask you to eat with them.And it is bad manners if you say no.”可知，接受阿拉伯人一起吃饭的邀请是礼貌的行为.
7．What can we infer from the text? A．Hear much，speak little. B．Love me，love my dog.
C．When in Rome do as the Romans do. D．Do what you ought to.
C 解析：推理判断题.根据全文内容尤其是最后一段的第一句“Manners are different all over the world.”可推知，礼仪因地域而各有不同，因此最好的做法是入乡随俗.
Ⅱ 完形填空
(2018·郑州质量预测)I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in her 60s. When it was her turn to pay, the cashier(收银员)__1__her by name and asked her how she was doing. The woman looked down, shook her head and said, “Not so good. My husband just lost his job and my __2__son is up to his old tricks again. The truth is I don’t know how I’m going to __3__the holidays.” Then she gave the cashier food stamps.
My heart __4__. I wanted to help but didn’t know how. Should I offer to __5__her groceries or ask for her husband’s situation?
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__6__I walked into the parking lot, I spotted the woman returning her shopping cart. I remembered something in my purse that I thought might help her. It wasn’t a handful of cash or an __7__ of a job for her husband, but maybe it would make her life __8__．
My heart beat faster as I __9__the woman. “Excuse me，” I said, my voice trembling a bit.“I couldn’t help overhearing what you said to the cashier. It sounds like you’re going through a really__10__ time right now. I’m so sorry, but I’d like to give you something.”
I took a small card out of my purse and __11__it to her. When the woman read the card’s only two words, she began to cry. And through her __12__， she said, “You have no idea how much this __13__to me.”
I was a little __14__ by her reply. Having never done anything like this before, I didn’t know what kind of __15__ I might receive. All I could think to respond was, “Oh, my! Would it be OK to give you a __16__？”
After we hugged __17__， I walked back to my car—and began to cry too. The words on the card? “You Matter.”
A few weeks earlier, a colleague gave me a similar card as __18__for a project I was working on. When I read the card, I felt a __19__glow(喜悦) spread inside of me. Deeply touched, I came home and ordered my own box of “You Matter” cards and started__20__them. 【解题导语】 本文讲述了“我”和一位老妇人之间的故事.“我”送给一位生活不如意的老妇人一张卡片，上面写着“You Matter”，这让她很感动.
1．A.called C．recognized
B．greeted D．heard
B 解析：根据该句中的“and asked her how she was doing”可知，收银员问她过得怎么样，据此可以判断，收银员在和她打招呼(greeted)，故B项正确.A项意为“打电话”； C项意为“认出”；D项意为“听到”，都与语境不符.
2．A.confident C．hopeless
B．independent D．stubborn
C 解析：根据该句中的“son is up to his old tricks again”可知，她的儿子故伎重演；据此可以判断，她对她的儿子是感到绝望的(hopeless).A项意为“自信的”；B项意为“独立的”；D项意为“固执的”.
3．A.think about C．go on
B．give up D．get through
D 解析：根据上文可知，她的丈夫刚失业，儿子故伎重演，她过得不好；据此可以判断，她不知道如何度过(get through)假期.A项意为“考虑”；B项意为“放弃”；C项意为“继续”，都与语境不符.
4．A.ached
B．failed
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C．beat
D．broke
A 解析：根据下文的“I wanted to help but didn’t know how.”并结合第一段中老妇人对丈夫和儿子的描述可知，“我”听后感到心疼(ached).B项意为“失败”；C项意为“跳动”；D项意为“破碎”.
5．A.send for C．pay for
B．provide for D．beg for
C 解析：根据上文中的“When it was her turn to pay”并结合该句中的“her groceries”可知，“我”不知道如何帮助她，是不是可以帮她付款(pay for). A项意为“索取，派人去叫”；B项意为“提供”；D项意为“乞求”.
6．A.As C．Unless
B．Though D．Since
A 解析：当“我”走进停车场时，“我”看到她正退还购物车.A项意为“当……时候”，符合语境，故A项正确.B项意为“尽管”；C项意为“除非”；D项意为“自从……以来”，都与语境不符.
7．A.excuse C．experience
B．offer D．opinion
B 解析：根据该句中的“of a job for her husband”可知，这并不是给她丈夫提供的一份工作.A项意为“借口”，C项意为“经历”；D项意为“观点”，都与语境不符.
8．A.harder C．simpler
B．wealthier D．better
D 解析：根据上文中的“Not so good”及该句中的“but maybe it would make her life”可以判断，“我”的帮助也许会让她的生活更好(better)一点.
9．A.touched C．passed
B．found D．approached
D 解析：根据语境可知，当“我”靠近(approached)她时，“我”的心跳得更快了.A项意为“触摸”； B项意为“发现”； C项意为“经过”，都与语境不符.
10．A.happy C．regular
B．tough D．long
B 解析：根据第一段可知，她的丈夫刚失业，儿子故伎重演，她过得不好；据此可知，她此刻过着艰难的(tough)生活.A项意为“幸福的”；C项意为“经常的”；D项意为“长久的”，都与语境不符.
11．A.handed C．spread
B．showed D．explained
A 解析：根据语境可知，“我”从钱包里取出一张小卡片并递给(handed)她.B项意为
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“展示”；C项意为“传播”；D项意为“解释”，都与语境不符.
12．A.thanks C．tears
B．fears D．beliefs
C 解析：根据上文中的“she began to cry”可以判断，她含着泪(tears)和“我”说话. 13．A.brings C．values
B．means D．contains
B 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示“你不知道这对我意义(means)多大”.A项意为“带来”；C项意为“珍视”；D项意为“包含”，都与语境不符.
14．A.worried C．moved
B．excited D．shocked
D 解析：根据下文中的“Having never done anything like this before”可知，“我”以前从来没有做过这样的事情，所以对她的反应有点儿震惊.A项意为“担心的，焦虑的”；B项意为“兴奋的”；C项意为“感动的”.
15．A.reaction C．expression
B．feeling D．answer
A 解析：根据下文中的“All I could think to respond was”可以判断，“我”不知道自己会收到什么样的反应(reaction).B项意为“感情”；C项意为“表达”；D项意为“答案”，都与语境不符.
16．A.present C．hug
B．promise D．ride
C 解析：根据下文中的“After we hugged”可以判断，此处表示“我给你一个拥抱(hug)好吗？”，故选C.
17．A.wildly C．gently
B．tightly D．eagerly
B 解析：根据语境可知，在“我们”紧紧拥抱之后“我”回到“我”的车上，也开始哭.A项意为“激烈地”；C项意为“温柔地”；D项意为“热切地”，都与语境不符.
18．A.progress C．encouragement
B．effort D．praise
C 解析：根据该句中的“for a project I was working on”并结合下文的“I felt a ______glow(喜悦) spread inside of me”可知，同事给“我”这张卡片是为了鼓励“我”工作.A项意为“进步”；B项意为“努力”；D项意为“表扬”，都与语境不符.
19．A.warm C．soft
B．rich D．fierce
A 解析：根据语境可知，“我”感到一种温暖的(warm)喜悦感在“我”身上传播.B项
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意为“丰富的”；C项意为“柔软的”；D项意为“凶恶的”，都与语境不符.
20．A.gathering C．preparing
B．enjoying D．sharing
D 解析：根据语境可知，“我”深受感动，回到家后开始将这些写着“You Matter”的卡片分享(sharing)给别人.A项意为“集中”；B项意为“享受”；C项意为“准备”，都与语境不符.
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