为什么 会有No I weren‘t

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热心网友 时间：2024-11-10 21:24

虚拟语气中，be动词一般用were，回答也是如此
虚拟语气的各种情况
英语的语气有陈述语气、疑问语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气四种。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句，通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能实现要使用虚拟语气。
通常有三种情况：①与现在事实相反。②与过去事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反
I: 虚拟语气的基本句型:
1. 与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式 (be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。
If I were you, I would do it in a different way.
If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers.
If we had the map now, we could easily get out of the forest.
2. 与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。
If he had known your address yesterday, he would have telephoned you.
If we had had more time, we would have finished the work earlier.
3. 与将来相反或实现的可能性很小。 If从句的谓语形式用should +动词原形、一般过去式或were to do三种形式来表示，should表示的可能性最大，动词过去式次之，were to do的可能性最小。主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形。
If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday.
If you should have any difficulty, you could come directly to my office.
l 错综（混合）时间虚拟语气：
有时条件从句与主句谓语动词表示的动作在发生的时间上不一致，这类句子叫作错综（混合）时间虚拟语气。这种情况下主句和从句根据各自的需要确定其谓语形式。
If you had taken my advice then, you wouldn’t be in trouble now.
If it had rained last night, it might be very cold today.
4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句。有时可以把虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had（助动词） , should, were 等词提到主语之前，形成倒装结构。
Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.
Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.
Were I in your place, I wouldn’t do that.
If I had time, I would help you. (此句不能倒装)
l 句首不能用动词的缩略形式：
Weren’t it for the expense, I would go to Italy. (错)
Were it not for the expense, I would go to Italy. (对)
5. 有时虚拟条件句并没用if 从句表示出来，而是用介词、连词或短语、上下文或其它方式来表示。这种句子叫作含蓄条件句。这类此有：otherwise, or, without, but for等。
We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
Without you help, I wouldn’t have achieved so much.
But for your help, I would not have succeeded.
II: 虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况:
1. 在建议、要求、命令、想法后的动词后的宾语从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should 可以省略. 如 advise, agree, command, decide, demand, determine, indicate, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest, urge.
The doctor suggested that she (should) take good care of herself..
The author proposed that TV (should) be turned off at least one hour every day.
2. 在建议,要求,命令,想法后的名词后的从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should可以省略. 如
advice, agreement, command, decision, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement etc.
It was Bill’s suggestion that everyone (should) have a map. (主语从句)
His suggestion was that everyone (should) have a map. (表语从句)
He gave us a suggestion that everyone (should) have a map. (同位语从句)
3. 在It is/was +形容词后that引起的主语从句中用should的结构, should 可以省略。这类形容词常见的有: advisable, anxious, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, impossible, improper, important, natural, necessary, obligatory, possible, preferable, probable, recommended, urgent, vital; strange, surprising, unnatural，etc.
It's natural that she (should) do so.
It is essential that we (should) tell her the news.
It is important that we (should) learn English well.
还可用在下列含有被动语态的句型中：
It is/was suggested (requested, required, ordered, proposed, decided, …) that…
It is suggested that parents (should) spend more time with their children.
4. 在 lest( 以免) 、for fear that ( 以免) 、in case (以防、以备) 、so that、in order that引起的表示目的的状语从句中用should(could/would)+动词原形, should 可以省略.
She walked quietly lest she (should) wake up her roommates.
Have your gun ready in case we should need it.
He left early in order that the children would not be alone in the house.
III: wish 后的宾语从句中:
1.表示现在的情况用一般过去时，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示将来的情况用would/could do。不能用should.
I wish I knew his address.
I wish I were young.
I wish you had come to the wedding yesterday.
I wish you could come to the party tomorrow.
2. 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望, 从句用过去完成式或would, could, might + have + 过去分词。（不能用should）
I wish you had written to him.
I wish I could have slept longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to
class.
3. 如果that 从句中用would , 一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求。
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
IV: 在 It’s （about）/（high）time 后的that 从
句中, 用过去式, 有时也可用should + do 的形表
示 “该是做什么的时候” should不能省略。
It is about time you were in bed.
It is high time we left（should leave）.
V: 在would rather, would sooner, 后的that从句
中, 用过去式或过去完成式, 表示”宁愿做什么”
I would rather he came tomorrow than today. (表示将来)
John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.
（表示过去）
VI: 在if only 感叹句中, 谓语动词与wish宾语从句的
虚拟形式相同。意为“如果……该多好啊！” 在
what if 句式中也要用虚拟语气，常用should do形
式。意为“假如…将如何呢？”
If only I were younger. (现在)
If only she had asked someone’s advice. (过去)
If only the rain would stop. (将来)
What if you should fall sick? What if it should rain?
VII. as if / as though 从句中, 表示与现在情况的
假设, 用过去式; 表示与过去情况的假设, 用过去完
成式.
He speaks as if he were on the spot. (状语从句)
She spoke to me as if I were deaf. (状语从句)
They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long.
(状语从句)

热心网友 时间：2024-11-10 21:23

subjunctive mood虚拟语气
修饰名词代词时be动词一律使用were